Instruction
My Take: Divots, bunkers, and greens: A golfer’s guide to not making enemies on the course

As a PGA Professional with nearly three decades of experience in the golf industry, I’ve observed that while many golfers love the game, they often overlook a vital aspect—caring for the course as they play. Ironically, those who neglect course etiquette are usually the loudest complainers about poor conditions. If you’re not doing your part to maintain the course, then you’re likely contributing to the very issues you find troublesome. Understanding and practicing proper golf course care is not just about preserving aesthetics but ensuring playability and enjoyment for everyone. Let’s dive into the essentials of golf course care, a crucial aspect of respecting the game and our fellow golfers.
Replacing or Filling Divots

Player filling up a divot on a golf course
Divots are the telltale signs of a good swing, but leaving them unattended can lead to unsightly fairways and play issues. The method of repairing divots largely depends on the type of grass and your geographical location.
1. Northern Regions (Bentgrass, Poa Annua): Here, it’s best to replace your divot. Carefully place the dislodged turf back into the divot hole and step on it to smooth it out. This helps the grass to quickly reintegrate with the soil.
2. Southern Regions (Bermudagrass, Zoysiagrass): Courses here typically provide divot sand and seed mix. Fill the divot with the mixture and use your foot or a club to level it. This aids in the quicker recovery of Bermudagrass.
Fixing Pitch Marks on Greens
Greens are the jewels of any golf course, and pitch marks can tarnish their luster. Always carry a pitch mark repair tool or a tee to fix them. Insert the tool at the edge of the mark and gently push the grass back towards the center. Avoid prying or lifting, which can damage the roots. Finish by gently tapping the area with your putter to level it. Remember, the quicker a mark is fixed, the faster the green heals!

Golfer fixing a ball mark on the green
Bunker Care
Ah, the bunkers—a test of our skills and patience. When entering a bunker, always use the designated entrance point and be mindful of disturbing the sand as little as necessary. After your shot
- Rake the area thoroughly.
- Ensure sand distribution is even, avoiding high piles or deep depressions, and that your footprints are erased.
- Position the rake outside the bunker when done, adhering to course rules.
Golf Cart Rules
Golf carts are convenient but can cause significant damage if not used responsibly. Always adhere to the 90-degree rule where required, minimizing fairway wear. Driving parallel to the fairway can create ruts and damage the grass, affecting the course’s playability. Avoid driving on tees or fringes, and steer clear of wet or newly seeded areas. Stick to cart paths whenever possible, and always park at least 30 feet away from greens and tees.
Practicing Properly on the Range
Maintaining a neat divot pattern is essential when practicing on the range. Instead of scattering your shots, aim to create a linear pattern. This allows for quicker recovery since the turf can regrow in a concentrated area. Start at a single point and work backward, maintaining a straight line of divots. This not only helps the range recover but provides you with a more focused practice session.
Other Considerations
- Tee Boxes: Be vigilant about removing broken tees and filling divots with the sand provided. It helps keep the teeing area tidy and even for the next player.
- Practice Areas: When practicing putts or chips on practice greens, repair any marks or indents to offer the same quality surface for others.
- Toss Your Trash: Always separate and dispose of waste in the proper receptacles around the course, helping maintain its natural beauty and cleanliness.
The integrity of our golf courses rests in each golfer’s hands. By adhering to these very straightforward practices, we preserve the quality and beauty of the courses we play and enhance the enjoyment for everyone.
Remember, healthy courses make for happy players—and that perfect round you’re chasing is always more attainable on a well-kept course.
Keep swinging, and keep caring!
Editor’s note: “My Take” will be an ongoing weekly series where Brendon shares his thoughts and opinions on various aspects of the game and industry. These are Brendon’s opinions and do not necessarily reflect those of GolfWRX, its staff, and its affiliates.
Instruction
The Wedge Guy: Beating the yips into submission

There may be no more painful affliction in golf than the “yips” – those uncontrollable and maddening little nervous twitches that prevent you from making a decent stroke on short putts. If you’ve never had them, consider yourself very fortunate (or possibly just very young). But I can assure you that when your most treacherous and feared golf shot is not the 195 yard approach over water with a quartering headwind…not the extra tight fairway with water left and sand right…not the soft bunker shot to a downhill pin with water on the other side…No, when your most feared shot is the remaining 2- 4-foot putt after hitting a great approach, recovery or lag putt, it makes the game almost painful.
And I’ve been fighting the yips (again) for a while now. It’s a recurring nightmare that has haunted me most of my adult life. I even had the yips when I was in my 20s, but I’ve beat them into submission off and on most of my adult life. But just recently, that nasty virus came to life once again. My lag putting has been very good, but when I get over one of those “you should make this” length putts, the entire nervous system seems to go haywire. I make great practice strokes, and then the most pitiful short-stroke or jab at the ball you can imagine. Sheesh.
But I’m a traditionalist, and do not look toward the long putter, belly putter, cross-hand, claw or other variation as the solution. My approach is to beat those damn yips into submission some other way. Here’s what I’m doing that is working pretty well, and I offer it to all of you who might have a similar affliction on the greens.
When you are over a short putt, forget the practice strokes…you want your natural eye-hand coordination to be unhindered by mechanics. Address your putt and take a good look at the hole, and back to the putter to ensure good alignment. Lighten your right hand grip on the putter and make sure that only the fingertips are in contact with the grip, to prevent you from getting to tight.
Then, take a long, long look at the hole to fill your entire mind and senses with the target. When you bring your head/eyes back to the ball, try to make a smooth, immediate move right into your backstroke — not even a second pause — and then let your hands and putter track right back together right back to where you were looking — the HOLE! Seeing the putter make contact with the ball, preferably even the forward edge of the ball – the side near the hole.
For me, this is working, but I am asking all of you to chime in with your own “home remedies” for the most aggravating and senseless of all golf maladies. It never hurts to have more to fall back on!
Instruction
Looking for a good golf instructor? Use this checklist

Over the last couple of decades, golf has become much more science-based. We measure swing speed, smash factor, angle of attack, strokes gained, and many other metrics that can really help golfers improve. But I often wonder if the advancement of golf’s “hard” sciences comes at the expense of the “soft” sciences.
Take, for example, golf instruction. Good golf instruction requires understanding swing mechanics and ball flight. But let’s take that as a given for PGA instructors. The other factors that make an instructor effective can be evaluated by social science, rather than launch monitors.
If you are a recreational golfer looking for a golf instructor, here are my top three points to consider.
1. Cultural mindset
What is “cultural mindset? To social scientists, it means whether a culture of genius or a culture of learning exists. In a golf instruction context, that may mean whether the teacher communicates a message that golf ability is something innate (you either have it or you don’t), or whether golf ability is something that can be learned. You want the latter!
It may sound obvious to suggest that you find a golf instructor who thinks you can improve, but my research suggests that it isn’t a given. In a large sample study of golf instructors, I found that when it came to recreational golfers, there was a wide range of belief systems. Some instructors strongly believed recreational golfers could improve through lessons. while others strongly believed they could not. And those beliefs manifested in the instructor’s feedback given to a student and the culture created for players.
2. Coping and self-modeling can beat role-modeling
Swing analysis technology is often preloaded with swings of PGA and LPGA Tour players. The swings of elite players are intended to be used for comparative purposes with golfers taking lessons. What social science tells us is that for novice and non-expert golfers, comparing swings to tour professionals can have the opposite effect of that intended. If you fit into the novice or non-expert category of golfer, you will learn more and be more motivated to change if you see yourself making a ‘better’ swing (self-modeling) or seeing your swing compared to a similar other (a coping model). Stay away from instructors who want to compare your swing with that of a tour player.
3. Learning theory basics
It is not a sexy selling point, but learning is a process, and that process is incremental – particularly for recreational adult players. Social science helps us understand this element of golf instruction. A good instructor will take learning slowly. He or she will give you just about enough information that challenges you, but is still manageable. The artful instructor will take time to decide what that one or two learning points are before jumping in to make full-scale swing changes. If the instructor moves too fast, you will probably leave the lesson with an arm’s length of swing thoughts and not really know which to focus on.
As an instructor, I develop a priority list of changes I want to make in a player’s technique. We then patiently and gradually work through that list. Beware of instructors who give you more than you can chew.
So if you are in the market for golf instruction, I encourage you to look beyond the X’s and O’s to find the right match!
Instruction
What Lottie Woad’s stunning debut win teaches every golfer

Most pros take months, even years, to win their first tournament. Lottie Woad needed exactly four days.
The 21-year-old from Surrey shot 21-under 267 at Dundonald Links to win the ISPS Handa Women’s Scottish Open by three shots — in her very first event as a professional. She’s only the third player in LPGA history to accomplish this feat, joining Rose Zhang (2023) and Beverly Hanson (1951).
But here’s what caught my attention as a coach: Woad didn’t win through miraculous putting or bombing 300-yard drives. She won through relentless precision and unshakeable composure. After watching her performance unfold, I’m convinced every golfer — from weekend warriors to scratch players — can steal pages from her playbook.
Precision Beats Power (And It’s Not Even Close)
Forget the driving contests. Woad proved that finding greens matters more than finding distance.
What Woad did:
• Hit it straight, hit it solid, give yourself chances
• Aimed for the fat parts of greens instead of chasing pins
• Let her putting do the talking after hitting safe targets
• As she said, “Everyone was chasing me today, and managed to maintain the lead and played really nicely down the stretch and hit a lot of good shots”
Why most golfers mess this up:
• They see a pin tucked behind a bunker and grab one more club to “go right at it”
• Distance becomes more important than accuracy
• They try to be heroic instead of smart
ACTION ITEM: For your next 10 rounds, aim for the center of every green regardless of pin position. Track your greens in regulation and watch your scores drop before your swing changes.
The Putter That Stayed Cool Under Fire
Woad started the final round two shots clear and immediately applied pressure with birdies at the 2nd and 3rd holes. When South Korea’s Hyo Joo Kim mounted a charge and reached 20-under with a birdie at the 14th, Woad didn’t panic.
How she responded to pressure:
• Fired back with consecutive birdies at the 13th and 14th
• Watched Kim stumble with back-to-back bogeys
• Capped it with her fifth birdie of the day at the par-5 18th
• Stayed patient when others pressed, pressed when others cracked
What amateurs do wrong:
• Get conservative when they should be aggressive
• Try to force magic when steady play would win
• Panic when someone else makes a move
ACTION ITEM: Practice your 3-6 foot putts for 15 minutes after every range session. Woad’s putting wasn’t spectacular—it was reliable. Make the putts you should make.
Course Management 101: Play Your Game, Not the Course’s Game
Woad admitted she couldn’t see many scoreboards during the final round, but it didn’t matter. She stuck to her game plan regardless of what others were doing.
Her mental approach:
• Focused on her process, not the competition
• Drew on past pressure situations (Augusta National Women’s Amateur win)
• As she said, “That was the biggest tournament I played in at the time and was kind of my big win. So definitely felt the pressure of it more there, and I felt like all those experiences helped me with this”
Her physical execution:
• 270-yard drives (nothing flashy)
• Methodical iron play
• Steady putting
• Everything effective, nothing spectacular
ACTION ITEM: Create a yardage book for your home course. Know your distances to every pin, every hazard, every landing area. Stick to your plan no matter what your playing partners are doing.
Mental Toughness Isn’t Born, It’s Built
The most impressive part of Woad’s win? She genuinely didn’t expect it: “I definitely wasn’t expecting to win my first event as a pro, but I knew I was playing well, and I was hoping to contend.”
Her winning mindset:
• Didn’t put winning pressure on herself
• Focused on playing well and contending
• Made winning a byproduct of a good process
• Built confidence through recent experiences:
- Won the Women’s Irish Open as an amateur
- Missed a playoff by one shot at the Evian Championship
- Each experience prepared her for the next
What this means for you:
• Stop trying to shoot career rounds every time you tee up
• Focus on executing your pre-shot routine
• Commit to every shot
• Stay present in the moment
ACTION ITEM: Before each round, set process goals instead of score goals. Example: “I will take three practice swings before every shot” or “I will pick a specific target for every shot.” Let your score be the result, not the focus.
The Real Lesson
Woad collected $300,000 for her first professional victory, but the real prize was proving that fundamentals still work at golf’s highest level. She didn’t reinvent the game — she simply executed the basics better than everyone else that week.
The fundamentals that won:
• Hit more fairways
• Find more greens
• Make the putts you should make
• Stay patient under pressure
That’s something every golfer can do, regardless of handicap. Lottie Woad just showed us it’s still the winning formula.
FINAL ACTION ITEM: Pick one of the four action items above and commit to it for the next month. Master one fundamental before moving to the next. That’s how champions are built.
PGA Professional Brendon Elliott is an award-winning coach and golf writer. You can check out his writing work and learn more about him by visiting BEAGOLFER.golf and OneMoreRollGolf.com. Also, check out “The Starter” on RG.org each Monday.
Editor’s note: Brendon shares his nearly 30 years of experience in the game with GolfWRX readers through his ongoing tip series. He looks forward to providing valuable insights and advice to help golfers improve their game. Stay tuned for more Tips!
Andrew J
Oct 21, 2024 at 10:40 am
I agree and even Jim Nance agrees, greenreading slow play is bad etiquette as well. the fix here:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0DJT2YLL9
HeftyLefty
Oct 15, 2024 at 9:12 am
An excellent article. Now for a couple of comments from a players perspective. On replacing divots: I take minimal divots that usually break up to the point there is nothing to replace. However, the course does not provide a sand/seed mix as an alternative. If you want me to take care of the course help me out so I can help you. On bunkers: Many bunkers aren’t fit to play out of. Try hitting an explosion shot and finding there is only 1/8th or less of sand on top of a hard clay base. Once your hands and teeth stop rattling raking does no good.
I realize private courses aren’t generally like this. But, this is what the public course golfer faces, at least in the Midwest. Again, I am all for taking care of the course, but it is a two way street.
Acemandrake
Oct 14, 2024 at 3:01 pm
Excellent article. This can be the first chapter in your book “Golf Etiquette”.
Golf etiquette is underrated and under taught.