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Opinion & Analysis

Are the 2019 Rules of Golf making the game easier? Here are the old, new and removed penalties

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It seems the old-school golfers among us are a bit upset about the new rules for 2019, with some claiming they will make the game easier.

Yes, some penalties have been removed or lessened, but most penalties are still there. And, in fact, quite a few new penalties have been added! Let me stress, that the three lists below are not at all exhaustive. But I find that they give you a realistic insight in the 2019 Rules.

New penalties: These are situations, where you are not penalized under the current rules, but where you will be penalized in 2019

1. If you putt on the putting green with your ball marker still on the ground, in 2019 you incur a one stroke penalty.

2. A golf club can make a “code of conduct,” and you can be penalized (e.g. one or two penalty strokes) for not complying with that. E.g. for not letting through, not raking bunkers etc.

3. When your ball is in a bunker, you get a new option: To take a two-stroke penalty and drop on a “straight line” outside the bunker. I will describe this option in more detail in another article.

4. A club can apply two new local rules, where you can drop closer to the hole (than where you played last) with a two-stroke penalty when your ball is out of bounds or when it is lost (outside a penalty area).

5. You are no longer allowed to substitute a ball for the sole reason that it is out of shape. If you do so, you incur two penalty strokes in stroke play (or lost hole in match play).

6. You are no longer allowed to align your feet with a club e.g. on the fairway (e.g. to have them point in the exact direction you want). If you do so, you incur two penalty strokes in stroke play (or lost hole in match play).

7. You are no longer allowed to mark the ball in front of the ball. If you do so and lift the ball, you will incur a one stroke penalty.

8. You are only allowed to substitute a damaged ball if you are sure the damage happened on the hole you are playing. If you are not sure when it happened, you are not allowed to substitute the ball. If you do so, you incur two penalty strokes in stroke play (or lost hole in match play). You are of course allowed to substitute a ball between holes or when taking relief.

“Old penalties”: These are situations, where you are penalized today and will be penalized in 2019

1. In a bunker: you touch the sand in your backswing.

2. In a bunker: you ground the club just behind the ball.

3. In a bunker: you touch the sand in a practice swing.

4. When you accidentally move your ball in play (with exceptions).

5. When you deem your ball unplayable.

6. When you take relief from water hazards (in 2019: “penalty areas”).

7. When you make practice strokes during play of a hole (with exceptions).

8. When you are playing from a wrong place.

9. When you are playing a stroke to a wrong ball.

10. When you give (or ask for) advice, e.g. club selection.

11. When you improve a “forbidden area,” e.g. by breaking a branch in the area of your intended swing.

12. When you bring more than 14 clubs.

13. When you drop the ball in a wrong way and play it.

Penalties removed: These are situations where you are penalized today, but not in 2019

1. When you make a “double stroke.” One penalty stroke today–no penalty in 2019.

2. When you hole your ball from the putting green with the flagstick in the hole. Two penalty strokes (stroke

play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

3. When you remove the flagstick from the hole and place it on the ground… and then strike it in your stroke.

Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

4. When your ball is in a bunker, and you ground your club in the bunker somewhere other than in front of or

behind the ball. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

5. When your ball is in a bunker, and your club accidentally touches the sand elsewhere in the bunker. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

6. When your ball is in a water hazard (“penalty area” in 2019) and you want to play it. You touch the water with your club in addressing the ball. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today –no penalty in 2019.

7. When your ball is in a water hazard (penalty area) or a bunker, and you remove/touch a loose impediment in the water hazard/bunker. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

8. When you accidentally strike and moves your ball during a search for it (within the time limit) in the rough. One penalty stroke today–no penalty in 2019.

9. When you substitute your ball when taking relief without penalty (e.g. when taking relief from a bench or from a ground under repair). Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today –no penalty in 2019.

My impression is that many (both players and golf clubs) underestimate the time and energy needed to learn the 2019 Rules. Let me end this article by encouraging you to read (and learn) them soon!

I am founder of "The Oswald Academy", which has only one purpose: To teach in the Rules of Golf. My hope is to make the Rules of Golf interesting and easy to understand. I am publishing Rules Books, conducting seminars, letterboxes, writing blogs, publishing "The Oswald Rules School" (videos) and much more. I live in New York, but I was born in Denmark. I am a former lawyer, and have two kids - and one wife.

11 Comments

11 Comments

  1. ChipNRun

    Jan 4, 2019 at 1:53 pm

    A recurring argument for altering the OB rule has to do with the explosion of upscale housing development golf courses. OBs coincide with “fairway frontage” for homes.

    Courses built prior to the 1960s tended to be on a rectangular plot of land. You might face OB on six or seven holes. The housing development courses changes all that, as the developers wanted as many homes as possible to have “fairway frontage” in their front or back yards. That means OB everywhere!

    My current home course is such a boxed-in development layout. In all, 14 holes have OB left and hazard right. Two other holes have OB on one side, and one of the only two “clean” holes has a pond in front of the green.

    Two years ago, some neighboring courses turned most of their OB zones into hazard areas. The idea was to lessen slow play by people having to return to the tee box and rehit drives.

  2. Tiger Noods

    Dec 5, 2018 at 12:41 am

    You’re worried about the time it takes to learn them, but you didn’t take the time to proofread your article. Sheesh.

  3. Code

    Dec 2, 2018 at 3:44 pm

    Everyvody’s worried about pace of play yet they let players take off their clothes down to their underwear just so they don’t get them dirty or wet on those shots.
    And then yet clubs supposedly enforce dress code!
    What gives?
    It should be in the Rules for 2020 that at no time clothing may be removed to the underwear for any particular shot.
    Otherwise why have a dress code

    • Tigergor

      Dec 3, 2018 at 6:03 am

      Or, get rid of dress codes. Better solution.

      Sounds like you might have an agenda un related to golf?

  4. Charles Hine

    Nov 30, 2018 at 4:32 pm

    You CAN mark your ball in front of the ball and lift without penalty. Interpretation 14.1a/2

    Marking Ball Correctly

    Rule 14.1a uses “right behind” and “right next to” to ensure the spot of a lifted ball is marked with sufficient accuracy for the player to replace it in the right spot.

    A ball may be marked in any position around the ball so long as it is marked right next to it, and this includes placing a ball-marker in front of or to the side of the ball.

  5. Major Peace

    Nov 30, 2018 at 12:49 pm

    #3 Rule if you remove the flag and purposely place it in such a way as to restrict the distance your ball can go past the hole, how will this be managed.

    • George

      Nov 30, 2018 at 2:07 pm

      A flagstick deliberately positioned or left in a particular place to deflect or stop the ball is treated as a deliberately deflected or stopped ball by a person -> general penalty i.e. 2 penalty strokes or loss of hole AND the stroke made does not count and has to be replaced (in stroke play of course) on its original spot. R13-2b
      That is, if the stroke was made from the putting green. From outside the putting green you’d have to place the ball on the estimated spot on the green where it would have come to rest.

      • George

        Nov 30, 2018 at 2:08 pm

        the general penalty would also apply from outside the putting green

  6. Rich Douglas

    Nov 30, 2018 at 11:46 am

    They should have gotten rid of OB entirely and played it all like a lateral water hazard. (Many people not playing in competitions do this anyway.) There are some silly situations where holes are squeezed into spaces and there’s simply no room for error. OB is supposed to be saved for huge misses, but it’s used in a lot of places to make holes more difficult. By playing it as a lateral, you eliminate the stroke-and-distance, retaining the stroke penalty. This speeds play and makes many holes more playable.

    • Mharr

      Dec 1, 2018 at 9:23 am

      Besides the change that they have eliminated “lateral” hazards (they are all just hazards now), the new local rule (if adopted at your course) actually gives you better relief, as you can drop anywhere between the OB and the fairway, not just 2 club lengths.

    • Rube

      Dec 2, 2018 at 10:55 pm

      There aren’t enough OBs, actually. Especially on Tour.

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Opinion & Analysis

The 2 primary challenges golf equipment companies face

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As the editor-in-chief of this website and an observer of the GolfWRX forums and other online golf equipment discourse for over a decade, I’m pretty well attuned to the grunts and grumbles of a significant portion of the golf equipment purchasing spectrum. And before you accuse me of lording above all in some digital ivory tower, I’d like to offer that I worked at golf courses (public and private) for years prior to picking up my pen, so I’m well-versed in the non-degenerate golf equipment consumers out there. I touched (green)grass (retail)!

Complaints about the ills of and related to the OEMs usually follow some version of: Product cycles are too short for real innovation, tour equipment isn’t the same as retail (which is largely not true, by the way), too much is invested in marketing and not enough in R&D, top staffer X hasn’t even put the new driver in play, so it’s obviously not superior to the previous generation, prices are too high, and on and on.

Without digging into the merits of any of these claims, which I believe are mostly red herrings, I’d like to bring into view of our rangefinder what I believe to be the two primary difficulties golf equipment companies face.

One: As Terry Koehler, back when he was the CEO of Ben Hogan, told me at the time of the Ft Worth irons launch, if you can’t regularly hit the golf ball in a coin-sized area in the middle of the face, there’s not a ton that iron technology can do for you. Now, this is less true now with respect to irons than when he said it, and is less and less true by degrees as the clubs get larger (utilities, fairways, hybrids, drivers), but there remains a great deal of golf equipment truth in that statement. Think about it — which is to say, in TL;DR fashion, get lessons from a qualified instructor who will teach you about the fundamentals of repeatable impact and how the golf swing works, not just offer band-aid fixes. If you can’t repeatably deliver the golf club to the golf ball in something resembling the manner it was designed for, how can you expect to be getting the most out of the club — put another way, the maximum value from your investment?

Similarly, game improvement equipment can only improve your game if you game it. In other words, get fit for the clubs you ought to be playing rather than filling the bag with the ones you wish you could hit or used to be able to hit. Of course, don’t do this if you don’t care about performance and just want to hit a forged blade while playing off an 18 handicap. That’s absolutely fine. There were plenty of members in clubs back in the day playing Hogan Apex or Mizuno MP-32 irons who had no business doing so from a ballstriking standpoint, but they enjoyed their look, feel, and complementary qualities to their Gatsby hats and cashmere sweaters. Do what brings you a measure of joy in this maddening game.

Now, the second issue. This is not a plea for non-conforming equipment; rather, it is a statement of fact. USGA/R&A limits on every facet of golf equipment are detrimental to golf equipment manufacturers. Sure, you know this, but do you think about it as it applies to almost every element of equipment? A 500cc driver would be inherently more forgiving than a 460cc, as one with a COR measurement in excess of 0.83. 50-inch shafts. Box grooves. And on and on.

Would fewer regulations be objectively bad for the game? Would this erode its soul? Fortunately, that’s beside the point of this exercise, which is merely to point out the facts. The fact, in this case, is that equipment restrictions and regulations are the slaughterbench of an abundance of innovation in the golf equipment space. Is this for the best? Well, now I’ve asked the question twice and might as well give a partial response, I guess my answer to that would be, “It depends on what type of golf you’re playing and who you’re playing it with.”

For my part, I don’t mind embarrassing myself with vintage blades and persimmons chasing after the quasi-spiritual elevation of a well-struck shot, but that’s just me. Plenty of folks don’t give a damn if their grooves are conforming. Plenty of folks think the folks in Liberty Corner ought to add a prison to the museum for such offences. And those are just a few of the considerations for the amateur game — which doesn’t get inside the gallery ropes of the pro game…

Different strokes in the game of golf, in my humble opinion.

Anyway, I believe equipment company engineers are genuinely trying to build better equipment year over year. The marketing departments are trying to find ways to make this equipment appeal to the broadest segment of the golf market possible. All of this against (1) the backdrop of — at least for now — firm product cycles. And golfers who, with their ~15 average handicap (men), for the most part, are not striping the golf ball like Tiger in his prime and seem to have less and less time year over year to practice and improve. (2) Regulations that massively restrict what they’re able to do…

That’s the landscape as I see it and the real headwinds for golf equipment companies. No doubt, there’s more I haven’t considered, but I think the previous is a better — and better faith — point of departure when formulating any serious commentary on the golf equipment world than some of the more cynical and conspiratorial takes I hear.

Agree? Disagree? Think I’m worthy of an Adam Hadwin-esque security guard tackle? Let me know in the comments.

@golfoncbs The infamous Adam Hadwin tackle ? #golf #fyp #canada #pgatour #adamhadwin ? Ghibli-style nostalgic waltz – MaSssuguMusic

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Podcasts

Fore Love of Golf: Introducing a new club concept

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Episode #16 brings us Cliff McKinney. Cliff is the founder of Old Charlie Golf Club, a new club, and concept, to be built in the Florida panhandle. The model is quite interesting and aims to make great, private golf more affordable. We hope you enjoy the show!

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Opinion & Analysis

On Scottie Scheffler wondering ‘What’s the point of winning?’

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Last week, I came across a reel from BBC Sport on Instagram featuring Scottie Scheffler speaking to the media ahead of The Open at Royal Portrush. In it, he shared that he often wonders what the point is of wanting to win tournaments so badly — especially when he knows, deep down, that it doesn’t lead to a truly fulfilling life.

 

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“Is it great to be able to win tournaments and to accomplish the things I have in the game of golf? Yeah, it brings tears to my eyes just to think about it because I’ve literally worked my entire life to be good at this sport,” Scheffler said. “To have that kind of sense of accomplishment, I think, is a pretty cool feeling. To get to live out your dreams is very special, but at the end of the day, I’m not out here to inspire the next generation of golfers. I’m not out here to inspire someone to be the best player in the world, because what’s the point?”

Ironically — or perhaps perfectly — he went on to win the claret jug.

That question — what’s the point of winning? — cuts straight to the heart of the human journey.

As someone who’s spent over two decades in the trenches of professional golf, and in deep study of the mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of the game, I see Scottie’s inner conflict as a sign of soul evolution in motion.

I came to golf late. I wasn’t a junior standout or college All-American. At 27, I left a steady corporate job to see if I could be on the PGA Tour starting as a 14-handicap, average-length hitter. Over the years, my journey has been defined less by trophies and more by the relentless effort to navigate the deeply inequitable and gated system of professional golf — an effort that ultimately turned inward and helped me evolve as both a golfer and a person.

One perspective that helped me make sense of this inner dissonance around competition and our culture’s tendency to overvalue winning is the idea of soul evolution.

The University of Virginia’s Division of Perceptual Studies has done extensive research on reincarnation, and Netflix’s Surviving Death (Episode 6) explores the topic, too. Whether you take it literally or metaphorically, the idea that we’re on a long arc of growth — from beginner to sage elder — offers a profound perspective.

If you accept the premise literally, then terms like “young soul” and “old soul” start to hold meaning. However, even if we set the word “soul” aside, it’s easy to see that different levels of life experience produce different worldviews.

Newer souls — or people in earlier stages of their development — may be curious and kind but still lack discernment or depth. There is a naivety, and they don’t yet question as deeply, tending to see things in black and white, partly because certainty feels safer than confronting the unknown.

As we gain more experience, we begin to experiment. We test limits. We chase extreme external goals — sometimes at the expense of health, relationships, or inner peace — still operating from hunger, ambition, and the fragility of the ego.

It’s a necessary stage, but often a turbulent and unfulfilling one.

David Duval fell off the map after reaching World No. 1. Bubba Watson had his own “Is this it?” moment with his caddie, Ted Scott, after winning the Masters.

In Aaron Rodgers: Enigma, reflecting on his 2011 Super Bowl win, Rodgers said:

“Now I’ve accomplished the only thing that I really, really wanted to do in my life. Now what? I was like, ‘Did I aim at the wrong thing? Did I spend too much time thinking about stuff that ultimately doesn’t give you true happiness?’”

Jim Carrey once said, “I think everybody should get rich and famous and do everything they ever dreamed of so they can see that it’s not the answer.”

Eventually, though, something shifts.

We begin to see in shades of gray. Winning, dominating, accumulating—these pursuits lose their shine. The rewards feel more fleeting. Living in a constant state of fight-or-flight makes us feel alive, yes, but not happy and joyful.

Compassion begins to replace ambition. Love, presence, and gratitude become more fulfilling than status, profits, or trophies. We crave balance over burnout. Collaboration over competition. Meaning over metrics.

Interestingly, if we zoom out, we can apply this same model to nations and cultures. Countries, like people, have a collective “soul stage” made up of the individuals within them.

Take the United States, for example. I’d place it as a mid-level soul: highly competitive and deeply driven, but still learning emotional maturity. Still uncomfortable with nuance. Still believing that more is always better. Despite its global wins, the U.S. currently ranks just 23rd in happiness (as of 2025). You might liken it to a gifted teenager—bold, eager, and ambitious, but angsty and still figuring out how to live well and in balance. As much as a parent wants to protect their child, sometimes the child has to make their own mistakes to truly grow.

So when Scottie Scheffler wonders what the point of winning is, I don’t see someone losing strength.

I see someone evolving.

He’s beginning to look beyond the leaderboard. Beyond metrics of success that carry a lower vibration. And yet, in a poetic twist, Scheffler did go on to win The Open. But that only reinforces the point: even at the pinnacle, the question remains. And if more of us in the golf and sports world — and in U.S. culture at large — started asking similar questions, we might discover that the more meaningful trophy isn’t about accumulating or beating others at all costs.

It’s about awakening and evolving to something more than winning could ever promise.

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