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Avoiding injury and improving mobility: A Pilates approach

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All golfers want to improve their golf swing, safely and with ease. Swing mechanics mixed with tight and weak muscles can create an imbalance that leaves golfers vulnerable to injury. The open secret of those practicing Pilates in professional golf are Tiger Woods, Rocco Mediate, Phil Mickelson, Carin Coch, Annika Sorenstan, Camilo Villegas, Rich Beem, Butch Harmon, Betsy King, David Duval and Kelli Kuehne. There are many reasons why they train, and why they choose to train in Pilates.

A guy I know well, we’ll call him Larry, is a softball pitcher, winter weekend football player, and “every opportunity” golfer. Larry often complained of tight hip flexors, hamstrings and low back pain (no surprise given the tightness in his hamstrings). Pilates introduced him to a neutral spine position in his golf address, and there he found a safe and mobile place for him to tap into the mechanics for a healthy and supported golf swing. By increasing the flexibility in his hip flexor, back extensor and lateral flexor muscles, as well as strengthening abdominal, oblique muscles and gluteals, his golf swing has improved as has his post-play discomfort.

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Golf injuries occur from the game’s primary activity: swinging the club. It is a game of asymmetry and stress arises from multiple and simultaneous directions: Imagine performing an oblique curl to the left 100-to-130 times with compressive force — pressure that acts to compact or squeeze together parts of the body — eight times one’s body weight. About 60 percent of all part-time golfers are hurt from playing the game, with the most common injuries occurring in the low back. Spinal alignment is essential to proper swing mechanics as the body coils and uncoils dozens of times over the course of a four-hour game. Most golfers don’t fully understand what muscles they need to train and which ones would benefit from flexibility exercises. In case you were curious, the muscles used primarily to execute a golf swing are the external abdominal obliques, the rotators and the multifidus. With that knowledge in hand, what would you head off to the gym and do now? Which muscles need more power, flexibility, improved rotation and stability? Still guessing?

After watching Larry in his golf ball address– the way he stands when he approaches the ball with the club to swing and hit it– I noticed he had a pronounced lordotic curve in the lower back: he did not address the ball with his back in a neutral position. This visual information confirmed his own observations regarding the tightness he felt in his back.

Larry weight trains roughly three days a week. He has also been training his big muscles for much of his life, and performing no stabilizing exercises to further challenge and strengthen the muscles he isn’t training at the gym. With Pilates, he discovered that there were many other muscles he had neglected over the years, not for lack of intention as much as lack of awareness. Once he discovered how Pilates recruits muscles in a coordinated, collaborative way that also requires stabilization, his understanding of his musculature and how it works gave him new insight into his golf game.

For those unfamiliar with Pilates, here is a brief history and primer: Joseph Pilates, the man who created the method in the early 20th century, was plagued by illness as a child and through dedicated research, developed his own exercise routine. During his journey to developing the Pilates Method, Pilates studied the relationship between anatomy and exercise, improved his health, and became a body builder, a wrestler, gymnast, boxer, skier and diver. After WWI, he worked with injured veterans and rehabilitated them, and later opened his studio in New York City in the 1930s. Pilates is a fitness program that uses both apparatus and body weight resistance training (for mat exercises). While most people are familiar with the mat program, the apparatus in Pilates serves a client’s particular needs, customizing a program that is tailored to a client’s goals as well as his or her physical challenges.

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Golf is widely considered a recreational pursuit — one where injury isn’t common and you don’t need fitness training to enjoy and excel at the game. This assumption is fundamentally wrong, and injury prevention, and strength and flexibility training is the first line of defense during the winter months. Come April, or maybe one amazing day in March, that Pilates training will pay off, and while your golf buddies will be slowly making their way to the nearest bench, you’ll be strolling off the course, heading to the club house for a well deserved lunch.

After 20 years of practicing Pilates, Lori became a BASI PILATES-accredited instructor for mat and all apparatus in 2012. She also has an Equinox Mat Pilates certification. Lori is also an author, freelance writer and retired attorney. Her appointment-only studio, SWEATSTYLE PILATES, is located in Great Neck, N.Y. SWEATSTYLE PILATES is the only New York-area studio to offer BASI training for golf performance on the Balanced Body Avalon System. Contact her studio at SWEATSTYLEPILATES@gmail.com, or 516.644.8808.

8 Comments

8 Comments

  1. Pingback: Avoiding injury and improving mobility: A Pilates Approach | BASI Pilates

  2. Russ

    Dec 18, 2013 at 10:54 am

    Good article it’s interesting that most of the tour players that were mentioned that are doing Pilates were injured a lot. I guess were they hurt before they started doing Pilates? Just a thought.

    • Lori Gross

      Dec 18, 2013 at 1:00 pm

      After physical therapy, many people move on to Pilates to rebuild strength after an injury, and continue with it for prehab purposes.

  3. Manny Rodriguez

    Dec 15, 2013 at 5:27 pm

    Very interesting article and definitely something I’m gonna look into

  4. Henry Stetina

    Dec 15, 2013 at 12:05 pm

    Nice article Lori. I didn’t realize Pilates is a modern practice. I thought it had been around much earlier than the 20th Century. I am personally a big advocate of Yoga. I have done a few Pilates classes and I definitely believe both are great routines for golf, or for anyone for that matter. Thanks for the information!

    HS

  5. KA

    Dec 14, 2013 at 2:53 pm

    Do you know of any videos on the internet or do you have any golf specific videos for this? This looks like it could greatly enhance my game. If tiger’s doing it it’s good enough for me!

    • Lori Gross

      Dec 14, 2013 at 7:24 pm

      This type of training must be performed under the guidance of a certified Pilates instructor. Look for someone who specializes in Pilates for athletic performance. Make sure they are fully qualified: ask about their training and their experience. Pilates teacher training programs can have anywhere from 300-800 hour requirements. You want an instructor with more training, rather than less. Thanks for your question!

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Instruction

The Wedge Guy: Beating the yips into submission

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There may be no more painful affliction in golf than the “yips” – those uncontrollable and maddening little nervous twitches that prevent you from making a decent stroke on short putts. If you’ve never had them, consider yourself very fortunate (or possibly just very young). But I can assure you that when your most treacherous and feared golf shot is not the 195 yard approach over water with a quartering headwind…not the extra tight fairway with water left and sand right…not the soft bunker shot to a downhill pin with water on the other side…No, when your most feared shot is the remaining 2- 4-foot putt after hitting a great approach, recovery or lag putt, it makes the game almost painful.

And I’ve been fighting the yips (again) for a while now. It’s a recurring nightmare that has haunted me most of my adult life. I even had the yips when I was in my 20s, but I’ve beat them into submission off and on most of my adult life. But just recently, that nasty virus came to life once again. My lag putting has been very good, but when I get over one of those “you should make this” length putts, the entire nervous system seems to go haywire. I make great practice strokes, and then the most pitiful short-stroke or jab at the ball you can imagine. Sheesh.

But I’m a traditionalist, and do not look toward the long putter, belly putter, cross-hand, claw or other variation as the solution. My approach is to beat those damn yips into submission some other way. Here’s what I’m doing that is working pretty well, and I offer it to all of you who might have a similar affliction on the greens.

When you are over a short putt, forget the practice strokes…you want your natural eye-hand coordination to be unhindered by mechanics. Address your putt and take a good look at the hole, and back to the putter to ensure good alignment. Lighten your right hand grip on the putter and make sure that only the fingertips are in contact with the grip, to prevent you from getting to tight.

Then, take a long, long look at the hole to fill your entire mind and senses with the target. When you bring your head/eyes back to the ball, try to make a smooth, immediate move right into your backstroke — not even a second pause — and then let your hands and putter track right back together right back to where you were looking — the HOLE! Seeing the putter make contact with the ball, preferably even the forward edge of the ball – the side near the hole.

For me, this is working, but I am asking all of you to chime in with your own “home remedies” for the most aggravating and senseless of all golf maladies. It never hurts to have more to fall back on!

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Looking for a good golf instructor? Use this checklist

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Over the last couple of decades, golf has become much more science-based. We measure swing speed, smash factor, angle of attack, strokes gained, and many other metrics that can really help golfers improve. But I often wonder if the advancement of golf’s “hard” sciences comes at the expense of the “soft” sciences.

Take, for example, golf instruction. Good golf instruction requires understanding swing mechanics and ball flight. But let’s take that as a given for PGA instructors. The other factors that make an instructor effective can be evaluated by social science, rather than launch monitors.

If you are a recreational golfer looking for a golf instructor, here are my top three points to consider.

1. Cultural mindset

What is “cultural mindset? To social scientists, it means whether a culture of genius or a culture of learning exists. In a golf instruction context, that may mean whether the teacher communicates a message that golf ability is something innate (you either have it or you don’t), or whether golf ability is something that can be learned. You want the latter!

It may sound obvious to suggest that you find a golf instructor who thinks you can improve, but my research suggests that it isn’t a given. In a large sample study of golf instructors, I found that when it came to recreational golfers, there was a wide range of belief systems. Some instructors strongly believed recreational golfers could improve through lessons. while others strongly believed they could not. And those beliefs manifested in the instructor’s feedback given to a student and the culture created for players.

2. Coping and self-modeling can beat role-modeling

Swing analysis technology is often preloaded with swings of PGA and LPGA Tour players. The swings of elite players are intended to be used for comparative purposes with golfers taking lessons. What social science tells us is that for novice and non-expert golfers, comparing swings to tour professionals can have the opposite effect of that intended. If you fit into the novice or non-expert category of golfer, you will learn more and be more motivated to change if you see yourself making a ‘better’ swing (self-modeling) or seeing your swing compared to a similar other (a coping model). Stay away from instructors who want to compare your swing with that of a tour player.

3. Learning theory basics

It is not a sexy selling point, but learning is a process, and that process is incremental – particularly for recreational adult players. Social science helps us understand this element of golf instruction. A good instructor will take learning slowly. He or she will give you just about enough information that challenges you, but is still manageable. The artful instructor will take time to decide what that one or two learning points are before jumping in to make full-scale swing changes. If the instructor moves too fast, you will probably leave the lesson with an arm’s length of swing thoughts and not really know which to focus on.

As an instructor, I develop a priority list of changes I want to make in a player’s technique. We then patiently and gradually work through that list. Beware of instructors who give you more than you can chew.

So if you are in the market for golf instruction, I encourage you to look beyond the X’s and O’s to find the right match!

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What Lottie Woad’s stunning debut win teaches every golfer

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Most pros take months, even years, to win their first tournament. Lottie Woad needed exactly four days.

The 21-year-old from Surrey shot 21-under 267 at Dundonald Links to win the ISPS Handa Women’s Scottish Open by three shots — in her very first event as a professional. She’s only the third player in LPGA history to accomplish this feat, joining Rose Zhang (2023) and Beverly Hanson (1951).

But here’s what caught my attention as a coach: Woad didn’t win through miraculous putting or bombing 300-yard drives. She won through relentless precision and unshakeable composure. After watching her performance unfold, I’m convinced every golfer — from weekend warriors to scratch players — can steal pages from her playbook.

Precision Beats Power (And It’s Not Even Close)

Forget the driving contests. Woad proved that finding greens matters more than finding distance.

What Woad did:

• Hit it straight, hit it solid, give yourself chances

• Aimed for the fat parts of greens instead of chasing pins

• Let her putting do the talking after hitting safe targets

• As she said, “Everyone was chasing me today, and managed to maintain the lead and played really nicely down the stretch and hit a lot of good shots”

Why most golfers mess this up:

• They see a pin tucked behind a bunker and grab one more club to “go right at it”

• Distance becomes more important than accuracy

• They try to be heroic instead of smart

ACTION ITEM: For your next 10 rounds, aim for the center of every green regardless of pin position. Track your greens in regulation and watch your scores drop before your swing changes.

The Putter That Stayed Cool Under Fire

Woad started the final round two shots clear and immediately applied pressure with birdies at the 2nd and 3rd holes. When South Korea’s Hyo Joo Kim mounted a charge and reached 20-under with a birdie at the 14th, Woad didn’t panic.

How she responded to pressure:

• Fired back with consecutive birdies at the 13th and 14th

• Watched Kim stumble with back-to-back bogeys

• Capped it with her fifth birdie of the day at the par-5 18th

• Stayed patient when others pressed, pressed when others cracked

What amateurs do wrong:

• Get conservative when they should be aggressive

• Try to force magic when steady play would win

• Panic when someone else makes a move

ACTION ITEM: Practice your 3-6 foot putts for 15 minutes after every range session. Woad’s putting wasn’t spectacular—it was reliable. Make the putts you should make.

Course Management 101: Play Your Game, Not the Course’s Game

Woad admitted she couldn’t see many scoreboards during the final round, but it didn’t matter. She stuck to her game plan regardless of what others were doing.

Her mental approach:

• Focused on her process, not the competition

• Drew on past pressure situations (Augusta National Women’s Amateur win)

• As she said, “That was the biggest tournament I played in at the time and was kind of my big win. So definitely felt the pressure of it more there, and I felt like all those experiences helped me with this”

Her physical execution:

• 270-yard drives (nothing flashy)

• Methodical iron play

• Steady putting

• Everything effective, nothing spectacular

ACTION ITEM: Create a yardage book for your home course. Know your distances to every pin, every hazard, every landing area. Stick to your plan no matter what your playing partners are doing.

Mental Toughness Isn’t Born, It’s Built

The most impressive part of Woad’s win? She genuinely didn’t expect it: “I definitely wasn’t expecting to win my first event as a pro, but I knew I was playing well, and I was hoping to contend.”

Her winning mindset:

• Didn’t put winning pressure on herself

• Focused on playing well and contending

• Made winning a byproduct of a good process

• Built confidence through recent experiences:

  • Won the Women’s Irish Open as an amateur
  • Missed a playoff by one shot at the Evian Championship
  • Each experience prepared her for the next

What this means for you:

• Stop trying to shoot career rounds every time you tee up

• Focus on executing your pre-shot routine

• Commit to every shot

• Stay present in the moment

ACTION ITEM: Before each round, set process goals instead of score goals. Example: “I will take three practice swings before every shot” or “I will pick a specific target for every shot.” Let your score be the result, not the focus.

The Real Lesson

Woad collected $300,000 for her first professional victory, but the real prize was proving that fundamentals still work at golf’s highest level. She didn’t reinvent the game — she simply executed the basics better than everyone else that week.

The fundamentals that won:

• Hit more fairways

• Find more greens

• Make the putts you should make

• Stay patient under pressure

That’s something every golfer can do, regardless of handicap. Lottie Woad just showed us it’s still the winning formula.

FINAL ACTION ITEM: Pick one of the four action items above and commit to it for the next month. Master one fundamental before moving to the next. That’s how champions are built.

 

PGA Professional Brendon Elliott is an award-winning coach and golf writer. You can check out his writing work and learn more about him by visiting BEAGOLFER.golf and OneMoreRollGolf.com. Also, check out “The Starter” on RG.org each Monday.

 

Editor’s note: Brendon shares his nearly 30 years of experience in the game with GolfWRX readers through his ongoing tip series. He looks forward to providing valuable insights and advice to help golfers improve their game. Stay tuned for more Tips!

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