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How drastically does slope effect green speed? More than you even think…

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As a golf instructor, I am a huge fan of Aimpoint for certain types of players since it gives some type of basic validity to what they see with their eyes. For more feel-orientated players, Aimpoint would be great to use in practice, but maybe not on the course. For those of us who struggle reading greens, I would suggest you try it. It’s not as technical as it used to be and the teachers teaching it in today are some of the best putting coaches in the business.

Anyway, I wanted to talk about an Aimpoint chart I saw regarding uphill vs downhill slope of the same percentage; it was eye-opening to say the least. For whoever posted it on Twitter (I cannot seem to find it again) please let me say THANK YOU and I am sorry I did not quote you personally in this article. Here is the chart:

Now to put the green speeds in perspective, 8 would be the speed of your average municipal course during the high summer peak play season (so the greens won’t get stressed and die), 10 would be the speed of a high quality private golf course in the United States, and 12 on the stimp is basically the speeds that the Tour players see at the Majors.

We know the speeds, now let’s examine what a 1 percent slope means to us in the real world. For that, I have asked one of the best Aimpoint guys around, John Graham, to describe this in more “normal” detail to us…

“A 2 percent slope is where holes are normally cut for your average pin location, while a 1 percent slope would be what you would perceive as basically a flat putt. The 3 percent slope is one that you almost see as a tough, but makeable, breaking putt and the 4 percent is one where you are uncomfortable and basically playing defense, trying to two putt at all costs.”

The creator of Aimpoint, Mark Sweeney said, “What people need to understand is the green is still stimping at the same number but the slope increases the overall roll to the estimated amounts. Thankfully the average green is only sloped 2 percent from back-to-front!”

From this description and the speed information above, this chart makes it even more understandable as to how slow or fast greens can get when you are playing. This does NOT consider the wind or grain which can also add or subtract speed from putts as well.

Therefore, the next time you are on the putting green, take the time to remember this chart and have some fun practicing your uphill and downhill breaking putts and see if you can fine tune your feel a touch better!

Tom F. Stickney II, is a specialist in Biomechanics for Golf, Physiology, and 3d Motion Analysis. He has a degree in Exercise and Fitness and has been a Director of Instruction for almost 30 years at resorts and clubs such as- The Four Seasons Punta Mita, BIGHORN Golf Club, The Club at Cordillera, The Promontory Club, and the Sandestin Golf and Beach Resort. His past and present instructional awards include the following: Golf Magazine Top 100 Teacher, Golf Digest Top 50 International Instructor, Golf Tips Top 25 Instructor, Best in State (Florida, Colorado, and California,) Top 20 Teachers Under 40, Best Young Teachers and many more. Tom is a Trackman University Master/Partner, a distinction held by less than 25 people in the world. Tom is TPI Certified- Level 1, Golf Level 2, Level 2- Power, and Level 2- Fitness and believes that you cannot reach your maximum potential as a player with out some focus on your physiology. You can reach him at tomstickneygolf@gmail.com and he welcomes any questions you may have.

10 Comments

10 Comments

  1. ogo

    Jul 15, 2018 at 4:25 pm

    Slope shmope….. just aim straight at the hole and then make a final decision where the break will pull the ball…. then correct for the break and bang away… 😮

  2. steve

    Jul 14, 2018 at 2:39 pm

    Please explain the values shown in the Stimp-Slope table.
    My understanding of ‘stimp’ is that it is measured on a near-level green area. If you measure stimp rolling uphill or downhill it will be different. Also the direction of the grain will alter stimp readings. How about moisture differences?

    • ogo

      Jul 16, 2018 at 12:17 am

      Stinkney only deposits his odor on WRX website and vanishes… to chicken to respond to queries.

    • Al Czervik

      Jul 16, 2018 at 9:38 am

      Yes, stimp is measured on flat(ish) portion of the green and measured in several directions. What he is saying is that if you took a green with x stimp speed and then moved to a sloping section of that green or hopefully any green on that golf course that was consistently maintained, you would see these effective stimp readings. Another way to say it is according to the chart if you were on a green with a 10 stimp, you would need to hit a putt that was 4% downhill approximately half as hard as you would if it were flat to get it to travel the same distance.

  3. Jimmie

    Jul 14, 2018 at 9:35 am

    OMG, fingers and foot feeling? As a senior citizen, I have not felt my feet for years. Go to that expertgreenreading site where there is no need for stimp, fingers or feelings…

  4. SV

    Jul 14, 2018 at 8:36 am

    I understand the point of this article and it makes sense slope has a bigger difference than we might think. I do have a question: How is AimPoint any different than the plumb-bob method I have used for years. Supposedly it is useless, but holding up 1, 2, 3 fingers is better? Help me Tom.

    • steve

      Jul 14, 2018 at 7:46 pm

      You should asess the slope as you are approaching the green because once you are on the green it is near impossible to determine a gentle slope. Plumb bobbing has no scientific visual validity… it’s only a placebo for ignorance.

  5. The dude

    Jul 13, 2018 at 5:24 pm

    How do you know what I even think? Just kidding…..this is a really good article. I find it amazing how often pros miss on the low side (my quick math usually comes up with ~ 70% of misses are low…when watching on TV). Playing enough break even for the best in the world is an enigma…

  6. larrybud

    Jul 13, 2018 at 1:16 pm

    Good info, although I think about 0.1% of the players I’ve run into know what Stimp is, and everybody always thinks their greens are “running about an 11”. They have no point of reference because they’ve never measured it themselves.

    (by the way, I have, and in fact you can see the design of the Stimp meter online and build one for your own use).

    I think you should expand on this article a bit, using this info to explain why putts break more downhill than uphill.

    • Freddie

      Jul 13, 2018 at 7:50 pm

      Good article. Putts break more when going downhill because they are going slower. That may sound counterintuitive, but you have to putt at a slower pace downhill and let it trickle down towards a hole and the slower the ball is traveling the more gravity will pull it towards the break.

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Instruction

The Wedge Guy: Beating the yips into submission

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There may be no more painful affliction in golf than the “yips” – those uncontrollable and maddening little nervous twitches that prevent you from making a decent stroke on short putts. If you’ve never had them, consider yourself very fortunate (or possibly just very young). But I can assure you that when your most treacherous and feared golf shot is not the 195 yard approach over water with a quartering headwind…not the extra tight fairway with water left and sand right…not the soft bunker shot to a downhill pin with water on the other side…No, when your most feared shot is the remaining 2- 4-foot putt after hitting a great approach, recovery or lag putt, it makes the game almost painful.

And I’ve been fighting the yips (again) for a while now. It’s a recurring nightmare that has haunted me most of my adult life. I even had the yips when I was in my 20s, but I’ve beat them into submission off and on most of my adult life. But just recently, that nasty virus came to life once again. My lag putting has been very good, but when I get over one of those “you should make this” length putts, the entire nervous system seems to go haywire. I make great practice strokes, and then the most pitiful short-stroke or jab at the ball you can imagine. Sheesh.

But I’m a traditionalist, and do not look toward the long putter, belly putter, cross-hand, claw or other variation as the solution. My approach is to beat those damn yips into submission some other way. Here’s what I’m doing that is working pretty well, and I offer it to all of you who might have a similar affliction on the greens.

When you are over a short putt, forget the practice strokes…you want your natural eye-hand coordination to be unhindered by mechanics. Address your putt and take a good look at the hole, and back to the putter to ensure good alignment. Lighten your right hand grip on the putter and make sure that only the fingertips are in contact with the grip, to prevent you from getting to tight.

Then, take a long, long look at the hole to fill your entire mind and senses with the target. When you bring your head/eyes back to the ball, try to make a smooth, immediate move right into your backstroke — not even a second pause — and then let your hands and putter track right back together right back to where you were looking — the HOLE! Seeing the putter make contact with the ball, preferably even the forward edge of the ball – the side near the hole.

For me, this is working, but I am asking all of you to chime in with your own “home remedies” for the most aggravating and senseless of all golf maladies. It never hurts to have more to fall back on!

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Instruction

Looking for a good golf instructor? Use this checklist

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Over the last couple of decades, golf has become much more science-based. We measure swing speed, smash factor, angle of attack, strokes gained, and many other metrics that can really help golfers improve. But I often wonder if the advancement of golf’s “hard” sciences comes at the expense of the “soft” sciences.

Take, for example, golf instruction. Good golf instruction requires understanding swing mechanics and ball flight. But let’s take that as a given for PGA instructors. The other factors that make an instructor effective can be evaluated by social science, rather than launch monitors.

If you are a recreational golfer looking for a golf instructor, here are my top three points to consider.

1. Cultural mindset

What is “cultural mindset? To social scientists, it means whether a culture of genius or a culture of learning exists. In a golf instruction context, that may mean whether the teacher communicates a message that golf ability is something innate (you either have it or you don’t), or whether golf ability is something that can be learned. You want the latter!

It may sound obvious to suggest that you find a golf instructor who thinks you can improve, but my research suggests that it isn’t a given. In a large sample study of golf instructors, I found that when it came to recreational golfers, there was a wide range of belief systems. Some instructors strongly believed recreational golfers could improve through lessons. while others strongly believed they could not. And those beliefs manifested in the instructor’s feedback given to a student and the culture created for players.

2. Coping and self-modeling can beat role-modeling

Swing analysis technology is often preloaded with swings of PGA and LPGA Tour players. The swings of elite players are intended to be used for comparative purposes with golfers taking lessons. What social science tells us is that for novice and non-expert golfers, comparing swings to tour professionals can have the opposite effect of that intended. If you fit into the novice or non-expert category of golfer, you will learn more and be more motivated to change if you see yourself making a ‘better’ swing (self-modeling) or seeing your swing compared to a similar other (a coping model). Stay away from instructors who want to compare your swing with that of a tour player.

3. Learning theory basics

It is not a sexy selling point, but learning is a process, and that process is incremental – particularly for recreational adult players. Social science helps us understand this element of golf instruction. A good instructor will take learning slowly. He or she will give you just about enough information that challenges you, but is still manageable. The artful instructor will take time to decide what that one or two learning points are before jumping in to make full-scale swing changes. If the instructor moves too fast, you will probably leave the lesson with an arm’s length of swing thoughts and not really know which to focus on.

As an instructor, I develop a priority list of changes I want to make in a player’s technique. We then patiently and gradually work through that list. Beware of instructors who give you more than you can chew.

So if you are in the market for golf instruction, I encourage you to look beyond the X’s and O’s to find the right match!

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What Lottie Woad’s stunning debut win teaches every golfer

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Most pros take months, even years, to win their first tournament. Lottie Woad needed exactly four days.

The 21-year-old from Surrey shot 21-under 267 at Dundonald Links to win the ISPS Handa Women’s Scottish Open by three shots — in her very first event as a professional. She’s only the third player in LPGA history to accomplish this feat, joining Rose Zhang (2023) and Beverly Hanson (1951).

But here’s what caught my attention as a coach: Woad didn’t win through miraculous putting or bombing 300-yard drives. She won through relentless precision and unshakeable composure. After watching her performance unfold, I’m convinced every golfer — from weekend warriors to scratch players — can steal pages from her playbook.

Precision Beats Power (And It’s Not Even Close)

Forget the driving contests. Woad proved that finding greens matters more than finding distance.

What Woad did:

• Hit it straight, hit it solid, give yourself chances

• Aimed for the fat parts of greens instead of chasing pins

• Let her putting do the talking after hitting safe targets

• As she said, “Everyone was chasing me today, and managed to maintain the lead and played really nicely down the stretch and hit a lot of good shots”

Why most golfers mess this up:

• They see a pin tucked behind a bunker and grab one more club to “go right at it”

• Distance becomes more important than accuracy

• They try to be heroic instead of smart

ACTION ITEM: For your next 10 rounds, aim for the center of every green regardless of pin position. Track your greens in regulation and watch your scores drop before your swing changes.

The Putter That Stayed Cool Under Fire

Woad started the final round two shots clear and immediately applied pressure with birdies at the 2nd and 3rd holes. When South Korea’s Hyo Joo Kim mounted a charge and reached 20-under with a birdie at the 14th, Woad didn’t panic.

How she responded to pressure:

• Fired back with consecutive birdies at the 13th and 14th

• Watched Kim stumble with back-to-back bogeys

• Capped it with her fifth birdie of the day at the par-5 18th

• Stayed patient when others pressed, pressed when others cracked

What amateurs do wrong:

• Get conservative when they should be aggressive

• Try to force magic when steady play would win

• Panic when someone else makes a move

ACTION ITEM: Practice your 3-6 foot putts for 15 minutes after every range session. Woad’s putting wasn’t spectacular—it was reliable. Make the putts you should make.

Course Management 101: Play Your Game, Not the Course’s Game

Woad admitted she couldn’t see many scoreboards during the final round, but it didn’t matter. She stuck to her game plan regardless of what others were doing.

Her mental approach:

• Focused on her process, not the competition

• Drew on past pressure situations (Augusta National Women’s Amateur win)

• As she said, “That was the biggest tournament I played in at the time and was kind of my big win. So definitely felt the pressure of it more there, and I felt like all those experiences helped me with this”

Her physical execution:

• 270-yard drives (nothing flashy)

• Methodical iron play

• Steady putting

• Everything effective, nothing spectacular

ACTION ITEM: Create a yardage book for your home course. Know your distances to every pin, every hazard, every landing area. Stick to your plan no matter what your playing partners are doing.

Mental Toughness Isn’t Born, It’s Built

The most impressive part of Woad’s win? She genuinely didn’t expect it: “I definitely wasn’t expecting to win my first event as a pro, but I knew I was playing well, and I was hoping to contend.”

Her winning mindset:

• Didn’t put winning pressure on herself

• Focused on playing well and contending

• Made winning a byproduct of a good process

• Built confidence through recent experiences:

  • Won the Women’s Irish Open as an amateur
  • Missed a playoff by one shot at the Evian Championship
  • Each experience prepared her for the next

What this means for you:

• Stop trying to shoot career rounds every time you tee up

• Focus on executing your pre-shot routine

• Commit to every shot

• Stay present in the moment

ACTION ITEM: Before each round, set process goals instead of score goals. Example: “I will take three practice swings before every shot” or “I will pick a specific target for every shot.” Let your score be the result, not the focus.

The Real Lesson

Woad collected $300,000 for her first professional victory, but the real prize was proving that fundamentals still work at golf’s highest level. She didn’t reinvent the game — she simply executed the basics better than everyone else that week.

The fundamentals that won:

• Hit more fairways

• Find more greens

• Make the putts you should make

• Stay patient under pressure

That’s something every golfer can do, regardless of handicap. Lottie Woad just showed us it’s still the winning formula.

FINAL ACTION ITEM: Pick one of the four action items above and commit to it for the next month. Master one fundamental before moving to the next. That’s how champions are built.

 

PGA Professional Brendon Elliott is an award-winning coach and golf writer. You can check out his writing work and learn more about him by visiting BEAGOLFER.golf and OneMoreRollGolf.com. Also, check out “The Starter” on RG.org each Monday.

 

Editor’s note: Brendon shares his nearly 30 years of experience in the game with GolfWRX readers through his ongoing tip series. He looks forward to providing valuable insights and advice to help golfers improve their game. Stay tuned for more Tips!

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