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What it really takes to square the clubface at impact

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No matter how good your car looks, it only drives as good as the engine in it. Golf is very much the same. No matter how good a swing looks, it’s only as good as the parts that make it up. And the most important part, the engine of the golf swing if you will, is the positioning of the clubface at impact.

“Golf is what the ball does” John Jacobs famously said; and what the ball does is a function of the club face at impact. To get the clubface to impact properly, we need to look at the club face prior to impact. These checkpoints are a way to monitor the position of clubface throughout the swing, and give us an indication of what golfers need to work on to achieve the best possible clubface position at impact for them.

What most golfer don’t realize is how fast their downswing unfolds. It takes less than a second — about 0.80 seconds for an average professional — or three times faster than the backswing. Considering how brief the interval is from the top of the swing down to the ball, there is very little if any time to correct a club face that is not square. Yet that is exactly what millions of golfers are doing. That’s why it’s so important for golfers to put the club in a good position at the top of the backswing, and for top ball strikers, that means having what we call a “square face.”

There are of course some great professionals who do not square the face at the top, but these few exceptions do not negate this principle for the average golfer. So what is “square”?

photo 4
Above: “Square” is the word we use to describe the clubface at the top of the swing that is laying on the plane of the swing.

photo 5
Above: “Closed” is the word we use to describe a clubface at the top that is looking at the sky.

photo 6
Above: “Open” is the word we use to describe the clubface at the top that is looking more down at the ground.

In actuality, here what those terms mean. The clubface we call “square” is actually 90-degrees open to the target. The club face we call closed is actually square to the target, and the one we call open is even more open, about 180-degrees open to the target.  

The reason for this seeming conundrum is this: As golfers take the club back, they actually twist the club face by a simple rotation of the arms as the shoulders turn. They twist it “away” from the square position it was in at address. So if you go to the top of the swing and bring the “square” club face down to the impact position, you will see that it is completely open. In other words, golfers need the same amount of rotation of the arms in the downswing as they had going back. Most golfers do not correct the face coming down, and that lack of proper rotation of the arms in the downswing is one of the most common faults in golf.

One of the ways to correct this might be keeping the club actually square, or closed at the top of the swing. So just what happens if you don’t rotate the arms at all going back? It’s perfectly fine to do this, taking the club back with NO twisting or rolling of the arms. In fact, I strongly suggest it for most people who fight a slice.

Remember, at address the club face is looking at the ball. If you’re having trouble squaring the club face at impact, simply try keep it looking at the ball all the way to the top. This is guaranteed to help those of who leave the face open.

photo 3
Above: A clubface that is “square” while starting back.

photo 2
Above: A clubface that is “open” while starting back. Note: This club is only slightly open.

photo 1
Above: A clubface that is “closed” while starting back.

Now what if you do rotate the arms and roll the face to what we call the “square” position at the top of the swing. Well, again, as the downswing takes such a short time, it is essential to start the squaring the clubface early in the downswing. Like right away.

For those of you who slice. As soon as you begin the swing down, start turning your right palm down to the ground. DO NOT wait until you are entering the impact zone to try to square the face, because it will be TOO LATE. Left alone the club face will remain OPEN. That’s why it’s vital to twist it to a square position.

Here’s a good drill to help you feel release. Put your left hand on the club in a regular grip position, but put your right hand all the way down on the shaft. Now make a few practice swings and feel what your hands are doing. They’re rotating, aren’t they?

You also have to consider the plane of the downswing. Golfers who swing flatter, or more horizontally into impact will find it much easier to twist the club face back to square. Those of you who are swinging too steeply, or vertically on the downswing will find it much more difficult to twist. That’s because when the center of mass of the golf club gets even with or under your hands, the “release” (or what’s called the torque or twist) will happen much more passively. If you hit balls on a side hill lie above your feet, your shots will draw/hook most of the time due to this principle as well as the lie angle of the club. This aspect is what really separates the wheat from the chaff in golf.

Watch the swings of the very best players; they are not struggling to square the face. It simply happens as the result of a good grip and the more horizontal plane of their downswing.

Last, but certainly not least, is the grip. I and many others have written on this subject ad infinitum. But this part of the swing can never be exhausted. Every golfer who is trying to improve needs to find a way to hold the golf club in such a manner that it squares the face for that golfer. I cannot universally prescribe a grip for you, but I will offer this rule of thumb: If you tend to come into the ball steeply, you need a stronger-than-normal grip. If your downswing is flatter, you can hold the club in a more neutral position.

Further reading: Click here to read Dennis’ story, “Make your grip match your swing.”

As always, feel free to send a swing video to my Facebook page and I will do my best to give you my feedback.

Dennis Clark is a PGA Master Professional. Clark has taught the game of golf for more than 30 years to golfers all across the country, and is recognized as one of the leading teachers in the country by all the major golf publications. He is also is a seven-time PGA award winner who has earned the following distinctions: -- Teacher of the Year, Philadelphia Section PGA -- Teacher of the Year, Golfers Journal -- Top Teacher in Pennsylvania, Golf Magazine -- Top Teacher in Mid Atlantic Region, Golf Digest -- Earned PGA Advanced Specialty certification in Teaching/Coaching Golf -- Achieved Master Professional Status (held by less than 2 percent of PGA members) -- PGA Merchandiser of the Year, Tri State Section PGA -- Golf Professional of the Year, Tri State Section PGA -- Presidents Plaque Award for Promotion and Growth of the Game of Golf -- Junior Golf Leader, Tri State section PGA -- Served on Tri State PGA Board of Directors. Clark is also former Director of Golf and Instruction at Nemacolin Woodlands Resort. Dennis now teaches at Bobby Clampett's Impact Zone Golf Indoor Performance Center in Naples, FL. .

10 Comments

10 Comments

  1. Terabox Downloader

    Jun 19, 2024 at 10:35 am

    Great reminder! I’ve been focusing on this in my practice sessions and can already see a big difference. It’s amazing how subtle the adjustments are, but it makes such a big impact on the quality of my shots.

  2. Jon Blazewicz

    Jun 24, 2017 at 1:19 am

    i’m toying with the idea of taking my swing to the top and adjusting it square up there in the air so to speak. When i bring it back it is very slightly open and feels weird, but the downswing feels good and strong and the release feels good

  3. Jeff Chuh

    Apr 27, 2017 at 8:34 am

    As the article suggest, when I try to put right palm face to ground, the club face indeed square at impact yet it may cause me to casting…

  4. Jeff*

    Jan 12, 2016 at 3:30 pm

    Love your articles. Especially in the winter, I feel more prepared for next season, thanks.

  5. Bob

    Nov 19, 2015 at 7:41 am

    Isn’t the main problem with slicing not turning your core early enough and losing balance backwards towards the end of the swing?

  6. Richard Grime

    Nov 6, 2015 at 3:49 pm

    Yup, this makes perfect sense. The better players flatten the downswing and have less issues with slicing.

  7. Tiger Tiger Woods y'all

    May 12, 2014 at 10:31 am

    V

    • Tiger Tiger Woods y'all

      May 12, 2014 at 10:37 am

      I spent years trying to make a strong left hand grip work ,because that what everyone said would stop slicing and weak fades and help square me at impact. I finally recently went to a very weak left hand and it’s like heaven. With good tempo the face just naturally squares at impact. You must work hard and find a grip that just naturally hits square. Making adjustments to the face during the swing is killer, causes flipping.

  8. DaveMac

    May 9, 2014 at 6:06 pm

    Just to say the total swing time is about 1 second and downswing is about 0.33 seconds (0.75 and 0.25 for quicker tempo player professional and amateur).

  9. Dennis Clark

    May 2, 2014 at 1:15 pm

    An added note from the author: The closed club face CAN have a steepening effect on the swing, that is make it more up and down> So it can be doubly effective for those open and a bit flat.

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Instruction

The Wedge Guy: Beating the yips into submission

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There may be no more painful affliction in golf than the “yips” – those uncontrollable and maddening little nervous twitches that prevent you from making a decent stroke on short putts. If you’ve never had them, consider yourself very fortunate (or possibly just very young). But I can assure you that when your most treacherous and feared golf shot is not the 195 yard approach over water with a quartering headwind…not the extra tight fairway with water left and sand right…not the soft bunker shot to a downhill pin with water on the other side…No, when your most feared shot is the remaining 2- 4-foot putt after hitting a great approach, recovery or lag putt, it makes the game almost painful.

And I’ve been fighting the yips (again) for a while now. It’s a recurring nightmare that has haunted me most of my adult life. I even had the yips when I was in my 20s, but I’ve beat them into submission off and on most of my adult life. But just recently, that nasty virus came to life once again. My lag putting has been very good, but when I get over one of those “you should make this” length putts, the entire nervous system seems to go haywire. I make great practice strokes, and then the most pitiful short-stroke or jab at the ball you can imagine. Sheesh.

But I’m a traditionalist, and do not look toward the long putter, belly putter, cross-hand, claw or other variation as the solution. My approach is to beat those damn yips into submission some other way. Here’s what I’m doing that is working pretty well, and I offer it to all of you who might have a similar affliction on the greens.

When you are over a short putt, forget the practice strokes…you want your natural eye-hand coordination to be unhindered by mechanics. Address your putt and take a good look at the hole, and back to the putter to ensure good alignment. Lighten your right hand grip on the putter and make sure that only the fingertips are in contact with the grip, to prevent you from getting to tight.

Then, take a long, long look at the hole to fill your entire mind and senses with the target. When you bring your head/eyes back to the ball, try to make a smooth, immediate move right into your backstroke — not even a second pause — and then let your hands and putter track right back together right back to where you were looking — the HOLE! Seeing the putter make contact with the ball, preferably even the forward edge of the ball – the side near the hole.

For me, this is working, but I am asking all of you to chime in with your own “home remedies” for the most aggravating and senseless of all golf maladies. It never hurts to have more to fall back on!

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Instruction

Looking for a good golf instructor? Use this checklist

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Over the last couple of decades, golf has become much more science-based. We measure swing speed, smash factor, angle of attack, strokes gained, and many other metrics that can really help golfers improve. But I often wonder if the advancement of golf’s “hard” sciences comes at the expense of the “soft” sciences.

Take, for example, golf instruction. Good golf instruction requires understanding swing mechanics and ball flight. But let’s take that as a given for PGA instructors. The other factors that make an instructor effective can be evaluated by social science, rather than launch monitors.

If you are a recreational golfer looking for a golf instructor, here are my top three points to consider.

1. Cultural mindset

What is “cultural mindset? To social scientists, it means whether a culture of genius or a culture of learning exists. In a golf instruction context, that may mean whether the teacher communicates a message that golf ability is something innate (you either have it or you don’t), or whether golf ability is something that can be learned. You want the latter!

It may sound obvious to suggest that you find a golf instructor who thinks you can improve, but my research suggests that it isn’t a given. In a large sample study of golf instructors, I found that when it came to recreational golfers, there was a wide range of belief systems. Some instructors strongly believed recreational golfers could improve through lessons. while others strongly believed they could not. And those beliefs manifested in the instructor’s feedback given to a student and the culture created for players.

2. Coping and self-modeling can beat role-modeling

Swing analysis technology is often preloaded with swings of PGA and LPGA Tour players. The swings of elite players are intended to be used for comparative purposes with golfers taking lessons. What social science tells us is that for novice and non-expert golfers, comparing swings to tour professionals can have the opposite effect of that intended. If you fit into the novice or non-expert category of golfer, you will learn more and be more motivated to change if you see yourself making a ‘better’ swing (self-modeling) or seeing your swing compared to a similar other (a coping model). Stay away from instructors who want to compare your swing with that of a tour player.

3. Learning theory basics

It is not a sexy selling point, but learning is a process, and that process is incremental – particularly for recreational adult players. Social science helps us understand this element of golf instruction. A good instructor will take learning slowly. He or she will give you just about enough information that challenges you, but is still manageable. The artful instructor will take time to decide what that one or two learning points are before jumping in to make full-scale swing changes. If the instructor moves too fast, you will probably leave the lesson with an arm’s length of swing thoughts and not really know which to focus on.

As an instructor, I develop a priority list of changes I want to make in a player’s technique. We then patiently and gradually work through that list. Beware of instructors who give you more than you can chew.

So if you are in the market for golf instruction, I encourage you to look beyond the X’s and O’s to find the right match!

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What Lottie Woad’s stunning debut win teaches every golfer

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Most pros take months, even years, to win their first tournament. Lottie Woad needed exactly four days.

The 21-year-old from Surrey shot 21-under 267 at Dundonald Links to win the ISPS Handa Women’s Scottish Open by three shots — in her very first event as a professional. She’s only the third player in LPGA history to accomplish this feat, joining Rose Zhang (2023) and Beverly Hanson (1951).

But here’s what caught my attention as a coach: Woad didn’t win through miraculous putting or bombing 300-yard drives. She won through relentless precision and unshakeable composure. After watching her performance unfold, I’m convinced every golfer — from weekend warriors to scratch players — can steal pages from her playbook.

Precision Beats Power (And It’s Not Even Close)

Forget the driving contests. Woad proved that finding greens matters more than finding distance.

What Woad did:

• Hit it straight, hit it solid, give yourself chances

• Aimed for the fat parts of greens instead of chasing pins

• Let her putting do the talking after hitting safe targets

• As she said, “Everyone was chasing me today, and managed to maintain the lead and played really nicely down the stretch and hit a lot of good shots”

Why most golfers mess this up:

• They see a pin tucked behind a bunker and grab one more club to “go right at it”

• Distance becomes more important than accuracy

• They try to be heroic instead of smart

ACTION ITEM: For your next 10 rounds, aim for the center of every green regardless of pin position. Track your greens in regulation and watch your scores drop before your swing changes.

The Putter That Stayed Cool Under Fire

Woad started the final round two shots clear and immediately applied pressure with birdies at the 2nd and 3rd holes. When South Korea’s Hyo Joo Kim mounted a charge and reached 20-under with a birdie at the 14th, Woad didn’t panic.

How she responded to pressure:

• Fired back with consecutive birdies at the 13th and 14th

• Watched Kim stumble with back-to-back bogeys

• Capped it with her fifth birdie of the day at the par-5 18th

• Stayed patient when others pressed, pressed when others cracked

What amateurs do wrong:

• Get conservative when they should be aggressive

• Try to force magic when steady play would win

• Panic when someone else makes a move

ACTION ITEM: Practice your 3-6 foot putts for 15 minutes after every range session. Woad’s putting wasn’t spectacular—it was reliable. Make the putts you should make.

Course Management 101: Play Your Game, Not the Course’s Game

Woad admitted she couldn’t see many scoreboards during the final round, but it didn’t matter. She stuck to her game plan regardless of what others were doing.

Her mental approach:

• Focused on her process, not the competition

• Drew on past pressure situations (Augusta National Women’s Amateur win)

• As she said, “That was the biggest tournament I played in at the time and was kind of my big win. So definitely felt the pressure of it more there, and I felt like all those experiences helped me with this”

Her physical execution:

• 270-yard drives (nothing flashy)

• Methodical iron play

• Steady putting

• Everything effective, nothing spectacular

ACTION ITEM: Create a yardage book for your home course. Know your distances to every pin, every hazard, every landing area. Stick to your plan no matter what your playing partners are doing.

Mental Toughness Isn’t Born, It’s Built

The most impressive part of Woad’s win? She genuinely didn’t expect it: “I definitely wasn’t expecting to win my first event as a pro, but I knew I was playing well, and I was hoping to contend.”

Her winning mindset:

• Didn’t put winning pressure on herself

• Focused on playing well and contending

• Made winning a byproduct of a good process

• Built confidence through recent experiences:

  • Won the Women’s Irish Open as an amateur
  • Missed a playoff by one shot at the Evian Championship
  • Each experience prepared her for the next

What this means for you:

• Stop trying to shoot career rounds every time you tee up

• Focus on executing your pre-shot routine

• Commit to every shot

• Stay present in the moment

ACTION ITEM: Before each round, set process goals instead of score goals. Example: “I will take three practice swings before every shot” or “I will pick a specific target for every shot.” Let your score be the result, not the focus.

The Real Lesson

Woad collected $300,000 for her first professional victory, but the real prize was proving that fundamentals still work at golf’s highest level. She didn’t reinvent the game — she simply executed the basics better than everyone else that week.

The fundamentals that won:

• Hit more fairways

• Find more greens

• Make the putts you should make

• Stay patient under pressure

That’s something every golfer can do, regardless of handicap. Lottie Woad just showed us it’s still the winning formula.

FINAL ACTION ITEM: Pick one of the four action items above and commit to it for the next month. Master one fundamental before moving to the next. That’s how champions are built.

 

PGA Professional Brendon Elliott is an award-winning coach and golf writer. You can check out his writing work and learn more about him by visiting BEAGOLFER.golf and OneMoreRollGolf.com. Also, check out “The Starter” on RG.org each Monday.

 

Editor’s note: Brendon shares his nearly 30 years of experience in the game with GolfWRX readers through his ongoing tip series. He looks forward to providing valuable insights and advice to help golfers improve their game. Stay tuned for more Tips!

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