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Opinion & Analysis

Why many former elite college golfers quit the game

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About a year ago, I was on social media connecting with college friends when I noticed something: many of these former elite college players didn’t appear to play any golf anymore. A couple months later, I brought the topic up to Dr. Laura Upenieks at Baylor University and a study was born to examine the motivations of mid-amateur golfers.

With the support of Golf Ontario, Reg Millage, Jussi Pitkanen (Finnish Women’s National Coach) and Khan Pullen of Australia, we collected data from 69 mid-amateur players trying to better understand key elements of their development and motivation. This included 20 questions over a 5-minute survey which covered everything from their family, their demographics, their competitive history, and their current relationship with golf.

So what did we find? In a forthcoming study entitled, “A Lifespan Approach to the Social Correlates of Motivations of Elite Mid-Amateur Golf Competitors in North America,” forthcoming in the International Journal of Golf Science, we found that the players who still competed in elite mid-amateur competition still showed a healthy love of the game of golf. According to our findings, 58% of our respondents were motivated by the prestige of winning, and 37% by the fact that their skill level allows them to be well-regarded. In addition, 54% of the sample was motivated to feel good about oneself. This suggests that some level of extrinsic motivation was present, but that many of our respondents were not motivated by extrinsic factors.

On the other hand, almost 75% of our sample reported that they derived personal satisfaction from mastering the game (the highest level of agreement), and 62% reported competing because playing competitive golf was an integral part of life. These latter statistics suggest that more than anything else, those who stayed involved in elite mid-amateur competition were driven by extrinsic motives.

The study shows an interesting counter narrative to the current thought of many coaches and parents, which pushes junior golfers to use golf as a career and to secure a scholarship. The evidence suggests that this creates the wrong motivations and can eventually drive people away from golf. In fact, we found that those who continued to play elite mid-amateur golf reported very high levels of intrinsic motivation, motivated by a desire to master the game.

So many of my former college teammates no longer play our wonderful game due to burnout, pressure, and/or the failure of not ascending to the PGA Tour. As researchers, Laura and I love this game and hope that this research can help start an informed discussion about why juniors should play golf. Our study shows that encouraging junior golfers to play for reasons that are intrinsically motivated and do not involve capitulating to the goals set forth by parents, coaches, or sport organizers is a good place to start.

B.M. Ryan, an entrepreneur and scientist, is a passionate golfer who loves his local muni. Armed with a keen interest in the game, a large network of friends in the industry, Brendan works to find and produce unique content for GolfWRX.

15 Comments

15 Comments

  1. ChipNRun

    May 17, 2022 at 8:05 pm

    The study reached out to mid-amateur players to find out what motivated them to stay active in golf.

    Then, the study over-extrapolates, namely, uses the findings to guess about the motivations of those not included in the study, namely former college golfers who no longer play the game.

    A more sound way to build the study. Select the following groups:
    * 70 people who still play in mid-amateur events.
    * 70 golfers with college playing experience who have quit the game. (selecting this group would require quota sampling)

    Compare the Mid-Amateur vs. Quit Golf group to see the differences between the two groups.

    As study stand now, lots of “noise” – unexplainable patterns – limit effectiveness of study.

    (I have chaired 7 doctoral dissertations in the management area, so I know a bit about structuring valid research projects).

  2. namewitheldbecausecoachknows

    May 10, 2022 at 4:23 pm

    Too many repetitive motion injuries from practicing so much was my biggest reason. You do not have to hit balls or play for 4 hours per day to get better.

    • Professor

      May 12, 2022 at 9:10 am

      Amen! I also believe there’s not enough attention paid to the mental side of golf. When you hit a bad shot it’s either swing mechanics or equipment when in reality it’s more likely lack of intention and/or commitment to the shot. Also, learning to control your breathing and heart rate and playing under pressure. And of course, learning to manage expectations.

  3. phizzy

    May 9, 2022 at 5:29 pm

    Played at a D2 college for a year and the party lifestyle and health problems derailed my dreams to try and make on the PGA Tour. My love for the game is as strong as however after two organ transplants, herniated discs and a bad left knee. I will play for as long as I can until my body gives out or my mind goes.

  4. Carl Spackler

    May 8, 2022 at 6:27 am

    I played at a high level between the ages of 14-17, burned out, took academic scholarship and didn’t play golf in college. Had 40 schools recruiting me for golf. I was sick of it. Fell in love with again while in college and today 30 years later I still love studying the game and playing to a scratch handicap. I think not playing golf in college the best decision I could have ever made. I was a really good player but was never going to be on TV. I focused on my eduction and build a professional career. All of my friends who played in college quite playing the game. I still play 20+ times a year and still enjoy every minute of it.

  5. Duh

    May 8, 2022 at 12:12 am

    This is no shock. Not having the time to play , means it takes 3/4 holes to settle in. Well. That’s now grinding out a 75-79. For someone who once broke par 75 % of the time , shooting 75-79 and having to grind to do it , is just hell on earth.

    It’s no different than anything else. Ignorance is bliss. The 18 handicap doesn’t know what he’s missing. The former D1 star , now insurance salesman with 3 kids does. And it’s akin to torcher to be around the game and never taste that sweet adrenaline rush of a heater again.

  6. F

    May 7, 2022 at 12:22 pm

    The pyramid is narrow at the top for golf to be a steady income as a player is why most of them quit, not because they’re bad players, it’s because there’s only so few spaces up there and one bad shot can knock you out

  7. Ivan Morris

    May 7, 2022 at 5:16 am

    No surprises here but I would like to read the whole report. It’s obvious that those with the propensity to quit would never have succeeded anyway. There are thousands upon thousands of young golfers good enough ball hitters to play on the PGA Tour but will never get there because they do not have the extremely rare mental capacity required. I like to win as much as anybody (and did!) but playing well and endeavouring to ‘master the game’ rather than winning was, indeed, a better motivation. I’m 77 now and will only quit when my ageing body ‘gives up’ first. I have had a few serious injury setbacks but I survived them and so has my golf, which at its most basic level is ‘too good for me physically and psychologically to give it up’. It’s my way of life. Golf has enriched my life in spite of some ‘big disappointments’ – in the end, triumphs and failures are only signposts. In golf, it is ALWAYS the next shot that counts. These days, I am consoled and motivated by being able to beat my age regularly if I play off tees that suit my 200-yards drives. As long as I can do that I’ll never give up golf! Keep up the good work, Brendan, give me a shout sometime. My email is attached.

    • Ray Neese

      May 11, 2022 at 5:17 pm

      Well said. Golf has given me going on 47 years this year plenty of joy and frustration. Life does get in the way and that’s why in the older days divorce golfers sacrificed either a wife, children or both to pursue their dreams. I love the challenge of golf for myself and enjoy once a week rounds with my friends, music and a few cold ones. I too will play until my bodies dictates I quit. At 62 I have many years until I can shoot my age or try to anyway.

  8. Vas

    May 6, 2022 at 2:56 pm

    As someone who had a cup of coffee in D1 golf, it was burnout from the endless “relief or frustration” cycle that did me in. Funny story though… tearing up my shoulder in a different sport killed my plus handicap days, but I love golf more than ever these days. Not sure if it’s a blessing or a curse!

  9. Cdub

    May 5, 2022 at 10:17 pm

    Refreshing article. While I would never consider myself elite (played at top 15 d3 level), I don’t find golf much fun anymore in my 40’s. I feel like my brain is ingrained with visuals of good shots that I just can’t execute anymore after many surgeries and middle aged life. This game is hard.

  10. Jon

    May 5, 2022 at 2:19 pm

    For a mid am who was once a elite player, as life gets in the way and your no longer able to spend the time to keep your game , many would rather not play than be continually disappointed grinding out an 80. What used to be satisfying and rewarding is now just disappointment and anger

    • lenny

      May 5, 2022 at 3:19 pm

      Certainly true in my experience as well, but it can be overcome. I wasn’t “elite” by any measure, but I played competitively (DIII) through college. When I moved on to grad school, I only found time to play a handful of times a year, and practicing was non-existent other than putting on the carpet. It was a huge and frustrating adjustment coming to terms with the fact that it wasn’t reasonable to hold myself to the same standards and expectations anymore.

      • Tyler

        May 6, 2022 at 10:04 am

        I played at a low level D1 school and your last statement is my exact reason for playing less and less. I still expect low 70’s and it is just not possible with out continual practice that’s not possible with family and working a real job.

    • Mower

      May 5, 2022 at 7:01 pm

      Yeah, f*** golf.

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Opinion & Analysis

The 2 primary challenges golf equipment companies face

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As the editor-in-chief of this website and an observer of the GolfWRX forums and other online golf equipment discourse for over a decade, I’m pretty well attuned to the grunts and grumbles of a significant portion of the golf equipment purchasing spectrum. And before you accuse me of lording above all in some digital ivory tower, I’d like to offer that I worked at golf courses (public and private) for years prior to picking up my pen, so I’m well-versed in the non-degenerate golf equipment consumers out there. I touched (green)grass (retail)!

Complaints about the ills of and related to the OEMs usually follow some version of: Product cycles are too short for real innovation, tour equipment isn’t the same as retail (which is largely not true, by the way), too much is invested in marketing and not enough in R&D, top staffer X hasn’t even put the new driver in play, so it’s obviously not superior to the previous generation, prices are too high, and on and on.

Without digging into the merits of any of these claims, which I believe are mostly red herrings, I’d like to bring into view of our rangefinder what I believe to be the two primary difficulties golf equipment companies face.

One: As Terry Koehler, back when he was the CEO of Ben Hogan, told me at the time of the Ft Worth irons launch, if you can’t regularly hit the golf ball in a coin-sized area in the middle of the face, there’s not a ton that iron technology can do for you. Now, this is less true now with respect to irons than when he said it, and is less and less true by degrees as the clubs get larger (utilities, fairways, hybrids, drivers), but there remains a great deal of golf equipment truth in that statement. Think about it — which is to say, in TL;DR fashion, get lessons from a qualified instructor who will teach you about the fundamentals of repeatable impact and how the golf swing works, not just offer band-aid fixes. If you can’t repeatably deliver the golf club to the golf ball in something resembling the manner it was designed for, how can you expect to be getting the most out of the club — put another way, the maximum value from your investment?

Similarly, game improvement equipment can only improve your game if you game it. In other words, get fit for the clubs you ought to be playing rather than filling the bag with the ones you wish you could hit or used to be able to hit. Of course, don’t do this if you don’t care about performance and just want to hit a forged blade while playing off an 18 handicap. That’s absolutely fine. There were plenty of members in clubs back in the day playing Hogan Apex or Mizuno MP-32 irons who had no business doing so from a ballstriking standpoint, but they enjoyed their look, feel, and complementary qualities to their Gatsby hats and cashmere sweaters. Do what brings you a measure of joy in this maddening game.

Now, the second issue. This is not a plea for non-conforming equipment; rather, it is a statement of fact. USGA/R&A limits on every facet of golf equipment are detrimental to golf equipment manufacturers. Sure, you know this, but do you think about it as it applies to almost every element of equipment? A 500cc driver would be inherently more forgiving than a 460cc, as one with a COR measurement in excess of 0.83. 50-inch shafts. Box grooves. And on and on.

Would fewer regulations be objectively bad for the game? Would this erode its soul? Fortunately, that’s beside the point of this exercise, which is merely to point out the facts. The fact, in this case, is that equipment restrictions and regulations are the slaughterbench of an abundance of innovation in the golf equipment space. Is this for the best? Well, now I’ve asked the question twice and might as well give a partial response, I guess my answer to that would be, “It depends on what type of golf you’re playing and who you’re playing it with.”

For my part, I don’t mind embarrassing myself with vintage blades and persimmons chasing after the quasi-spiritual elevation of a well-struck shot, but that’s just me. Plenty of folks don’t give a damn if their grooves are conforming. Plenty of folks think the folks in Liberty Corner ought to add a prison to the museum for such offences. And those are just a few of the considerations for the amateur game — which doesn’t get inside the gallery ropes of the pro game…

Different strokes in the game of golf, in my humble opinion.

Anyway, I believe equipment company engineers are genuinely trying to build better equipment year over year. The marketing departments are trying to find ways to make this equipment appeal to the broadest segment of the golf market possible. All of this against (1) the backdrop of — at least for now — firm product cycles. And golfers who, with their ~15 average handicap (men), for the most part, are not striping the golf ball like Tiger in his prime and seem to have less and less time year over year to practice and improve. (2) Regulations that massively restrict what they’re able to do…

That’s the landscape as I see it and the real headwinds for golf equipment companies. No doubt, there’s more I haven’t considered, but I think the previous is a better — and better faith — point of departure when formulating any serious commentary on the golf equipment world than some of the more cynical and conspiratorial takes I hear.

Agree? Disagree? Think I’m worthy of an Adam Hadwin-esque security guard tackle? Let me know in the comments.

@golfoncbs The infamous Adam Hadwin tackle ? #golf #fyp #canada #pgatour #adamhadwin ? Ghibli-style nostalgic waltz – MaSssuguMusic

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Podcasts

Fore Love of Golf: Introducing a new club concept

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Episode #16 brings us Cliff McKinney. Cliff is the founder of Old Charlie Golf Club, a new club, and concept, to be built in the Florida panhandle. The model is quite interesting and aims to make great, private golf more affordable. We hope you enjoy the show!

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Opinion & Analysis

On Scottie Scheffler wondering ‘What’s the point of winning?’

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Last week, I came across a reel from BBC Sport on Instagram featuring Scottie Scheffler speaking to the media ahead of The Open at Royal Portrush. In it, he shared that he often wonders what the point is of wanting to win tournaments so badly — especially when he knows, deep down, that it doesn’t lead to a truly fulfilling life.

 

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“Is it great to be able to win tournaments and to accomplish the things I have in the game of golf? Yeah, it brings tears to my eyes just to think about it because I’ve literally worked my entire life to be good at this sport,” Scheffler said. “To have that kind of sense of accomplishment, I think, is a pretty cool feeling. To get to live out your dreams is very special, but at the end of the day, I’m not out here to inspire the next generation of golfers. I’m not out here to inspire someone to be the best player in the world, because what’s the point?”

Ironically — or perhaps perfectly — he went on to win the claret jug.

That question — what’s the point of winning? — cuts straight to the heart of the human journey.

As someone who’s spent over two decades in the trenches of professional golf, and in deep study of the mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of the game, I see Scottie’s inner conflict as a sign of soul evolution in motion.

I came to golf late. I wasn’t a junior standout or college All-American. At 27, I left a steady corporate job to see if I could be on the PGA Tour starting as a 14-handicap, average-length hitter. Over the years, my journey has been defined less by trophies and more by the relentless effort to navigate the deeply inequitable and gated system of professional golf — an effort that ultimately turned inward and helped me evolve as both a golfer and a person.

One perspective that helped me make sense of this inner dissonance around competition and our culture’s tendency to overvalue winning is the idea of soul evolution.

The University of Virginia’s Division of Perceptual Studies has done extensive research on reincarnation, and Netflix’s Surviving Death (Episode 6) explores the topic, too. Whether you take it literally or metaphorically, the idea that we’re on a long arc of growth — from beginner to sage elder — offers a profound perspective.

If you accept the premise literally, then terms like “young soul” and “old soul” start to hold meaning. However, even if we set the word “soul” aside, it’s easy to see that different levels of life experience produce different worldviews.

Newer souls — or people in earlier stages of their development — may be curious and kind but still lack discernment or depth. There is a naivety, and they don’t yet question as deeply, tending to see things in black and white, partly because certainty feels safer than confronting the unknown.

As we gain more experience, we begin to experiment. We test limits. We chase extreme external goals — sometimes at the expense of health, relationships, or inner peace — still operating from hunger, ambition, and the fragility of the ego.

It’s a necessary stage, but often a turbulent and unfulfilling one.

David Duval fell off the map after reaching World No. 1. Bubba Watson had his own “Is this it?” moment with his caddie, Ted Scott, after winning the Masters.

In Aaron Rodgers: Enigma, reflecting on his 2011 Super Bowl win, Rodgers said:

“Now I’ve accomplished the only thing that I really, really wanted to do in my life. Now what? I was like, ‘Did I aim at the wrong thing? Did I spend too much time thinking about stuff that ultimately doesn’t give you true happiness?’”

Jim Carrey once said, “I think everybody should get rich and famous and do everything they ever dreamed of so they can see that it’s not the answer.”

Eventually, though, something shifts.

We begin to see in shades of gray. Winning, dominating, accumulating—these pursuits lose their shine. The rewards feel more fleeting. Living in a constant state of fight-or-flight makes us feel alive, yes, but not happy and joyful.

Compassion begins to replace ambition. Love, presence, and gratitude become more fulfilling than status, profits, or trophies. We crave balance over burnout. Collaboration over competition. Meaning over metrics.

Interestingly, if we zoom out, we can apply this same model to nations and cultures. Countries, like people, have a collective “soul stage” made up of the individuals within them.

Take the United States, for example. I’d place it as a mid-level soul: highly competitive and deeply driven, but still learning emotional maturity. Still uncomfortable with nuance. Still believing that more is always better. Despite its global wins, the U.S. currently ranks just 23rd in happiness (as of 2025). You might liken it to a gifted teenager—bold, eager, and ambitious, but angsty and still figuring out how to live well and in balance. As much as a parent wants to protect their child, sometimes the child has to make their own mistakes to truly grow.

So when Scottie Scheffler wonders what the point of winning is, I don’t see someone losing strength.

I see someone evolving.

He’s beginning to look beyond the leaderboard. Beyond metrics of success that carry a lower vibration. And yet, in a poetic twist, Scheffler did go on to win The Open. But that only reinforces the point: even at the pinnacle, the question remains. And if more of us in the golf and sports world — and in U.S. culture at large — started asking similar questions, we might discover that the more meaningful trophy isn’t about accumulating or beating others at all costs.

It’s about awakening and evolving to something more than winning could ever promise.

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